"Plant breeding is the science driven creative process of developing new plant varieties that goes by various names including cultivar development, crop improvement and seed improvement. Breeding involves the creation of multi-generation genetically diverse populations, on which human selection is practiced to create adapted plants with new combinations of specific desirable traits. The selection process is driven by biological assessment in relevant target environments and knowledge of genes and genomes. Progress is assessed based on gain under selection, which is a function of genetic variation, selection intensity, and time. Plant breeding is an important tool in promoting global food security, and many staple crops have been bred to better withstand extreme weather conditions associated with global warming, such as drought or heat waves. This book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of plant breeding. The topics included in this text are of utmost significance and are bound to provide incredible insights to the readers. It explores various topics such as molecular breeding, grain quality, abiotic stress, quality improvement, cotton breeding, genetic variation and marker-assisted breeding. The various subfields of plant breeding along with technological progress those have future implications are glanced at in it. This book is a complete source of knowledge on the present status of this important field. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this book an invaluable source of knowledge. It aims to serve as a resource guide for graduates and postgraduates alike and contribute to the growth of the discipline."